途上国(本研究ではアジアに限る)NIKE工場における問題が表面化したのは1990年代後半である。(さほど騒がれずとも1991年頃より問題視
はされていた。発端はAsian American Free Labour
Instituteのジャカルタ支部のレポート)。その後、米国、カナダ、オーストラリア、ヨーロッパ諸国で反搾取工場運動やNIKE製品のボイコット運
動が盛んに行われるようになった。特にそれらのきっかけとなったのが、1996年に米国CBSによって放送されたドキュメンタリー「ナイキストーリー・イ
ン・ベトナム」である。「ナイキ関連工場で働くベトナム人の時給は平均20セントときわめて低い。15名の女性従業員が、靴の縫い目がきたないという理由
で、管理者によって頭を殴打され、そのうち2名はその後病院に運ばれた。また、45名の女性従業員が25分間、宙に手を揚げながら地面にひざまずかせられ
るという体罰もあった。ナイキはすぐさまこの管理者を処分することを要求した。その他、韓
国人の管理者による女性従業員への性的な嫌がらせが告発されて、この管理者は逃亡した。13歳~14歳の少女達が生理で仕事を休むためには、少女達を上司
の男性全員の 前で全裸にし、出血を確認するという「義務」を強制していた。
また、この少女達は仕事中、強引に別室に連れ込まれ、上司の男性により日常的に強姦されていた。
http://www.saigon.com/~nike/summary.htm
http://s02.megalodon.jp/2007-1223-2047-35/www.saigon.com/~nike/summary.htm
"There's
a girl being born in America and someone will give her a doll and
someone will give her a ball and then someone will give her a chance."
-- Nike Commercial
"But what chance is Nike giving women workers in Vietnam? " Roberta Baskin of CBS News asks
The following is a summary of CBS News 48 Hours program, October 17,
1996, about Nike in Vietnam. Reprinting of this article is welcomed.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Nike Story in Viet Nam
CBS News 48 Hours goes to Vietnam to investigate the treatment and
condition of workers at a Nike shoe manufacturing plant. This plant,
even though subcontracted by Nike to a Korean manufacturer, displays
prominent signs of the famous Nike logo. CBS News reports that workers,
mostly women, in this plant earn an average of $42 a month below the
legal minimum wage in Viet Nam of $45. Yet the workers must meet a
daily quota that is set very high, requiring them to work overtime.
They are not allowed to go home until they met the daily quota. With
the little money that they made, the workers must buy lunch from the
factory using meal tickets subtracted from their monthly pay.
Not only are the wages low, the workers must put up with physical
and sexual abuse. CBS reported that 15 women workers were beaten over
the head by their supervisor for poor sewing. The supervisor, a Korean
woman, was put on trial and convicted by the local authorities but was
allowed to leave the country. Another incident, CBS reported, involved
45 women who were made to kneel on the ground for 25 minutes with their
hands in the air. In another disturbing incident, a Korean supervisor,
accused of sexually molesting female workers, left the country before
he could be put on trial.
When CBS News approached Nike's representative at Nike Vietnam's
headquarter, the representative simply covered the camera with his palm
and said 'I have things to do'.
In America, Nike's reaction to the whole incident is not much
better. In front of several hundred shareholders, after announcing
record earnings and a stock split, Nike's president and CEO, Phil
Knight minimized the problems in Vietnam as simply an incident in which
a single worker was hit on the arm by a Korean supervisor. Roberta
Baskin of CBS News commented, "It turns out Nike has a great deal to
learn about what goes on inside these factories."
Other American companies employ better labor practices than Nike.
CBS News also reported on the conditions at a Coca Cola bottling plant.
Coca Cola does not use a subcontractor. The company is not in Vietnam
for cheap labor, but concentrates on quality and productivity. Workers
at Coca-Cola in Viet Nam got a wage of $80 a month and fringe benefits
such as English lessons and sales training. Coca-Cola also had a record
earning last year.
大企業ナイキの下請け企業として東南アジアに工場を作り、現地の少女労働者を性暴行する韓国男。
強者に事大して弱者を虐待する韓国